Mappp.co geology and wildlife sites

South Exmoor

…s species-rich, hummocky wet heath. There is an abundance of bog mosses (mainly Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax and Sphagnum papillosum) and bog asphodel Narthecium ossifragum is common. On strongly flushed slopes of Winsford Hill there is a variant, rarely found elsewher…

Kernick and Ottery Meadows

…mportance here is the occurrence of the highly localised community bog asphodel–sphagnum moss Narthecium ossifragum–Sphagnum papillosum valley mire, bog bilberry–sphagnum moss Vaccinium oxycoccos–Sphagnum fallax sub-community. This particular community occurs as a mosaic together…

Blaeberry Island Bog

…nd shallow pools supporting a diverse cover of vegetation, including bog mosses Sphagnum spp. and ericoid dwarf-shrubs. Active bog vegetation is characterised by heather Calluna vulgaris, cross leaved heath Erica tetralix, common cottongrass Eriophorum angustifolium, hare's tail …

Rhosydd Llanpumsaint

…ve developed tiny rain-fed (ombrogenous) bogs, with patches of the red bog moss Sphagnum capillifolium among hare’s-tail cotton-grass Eriophorum vaginatum, cross-leaved heath Erica tetralix and heather Calluna vulgaris. Inflows from the margins encourage a few rushes Juncus spp. …

Abbots Moss

…ient poor oligotrophic and acidic, thus allowing species such as the bog mosses Sphagnum spp. to colonise it. Hence, over many thousands of years, some meres have developed into mosses and an invaluable record of the detail of this process is preserved in the layers of peat and m…

Muggleswick,Stanhope & Edmundbyers Commons & Blanchland Moor

…tum also occur, in association with bog pools which are dominated by bog mosses Sphagnum cuspidatum and Sphagnum fallax. Adding to the mosaic on the edge of the heath – bog interface round Muggleswick, Stanhope and Edmundbyers are areas of grassland dominated by heath rush Juncus…

Cumwhitton Moss

…aried in base and nutrient status. The more acidic communities are dominated by Sphagnum fallax, common, white and bottle sedges Carex nigra, Carex canescens and Carex rostrata or soft rush Juncus effusus; whereas prominent amongst the more nutrient rich fen are greater tussock s…

Duddon Mosses

…es vary in their extent in the hollows between the tussocks, consisting of only Sphagnum capillifolium subsp. rubellum where conditions are drier to a wider assemblage where conditions are wetter, with species such as Sphagnum magellanicum and Sphagnum cuspidatum. White beak sedg…

Mullaghcarn

…f note. The vegetation on the intact bog surface is characterised by a bog moss Sphagnum spp. carpet, ericoid dwarf-shrubs, sedges and associated species. The composition and abundance of these depends upon local environmental conditions, particularly structural features on the b…

White Moss, Crosbymoor

…of heather with some hare's tail cotton grass Eriophorum vaginatum and bog moss Sphagnum fallax. This area also has a complex mosaic of small, deeper cuttings. Some of these retain open water with quantities of Sphagnum cuspidatum but most are carpeted by Sphagnum fallax and have…

Bodmin Moor, North

…gorse Ulex europaeus may dominate. On the margins of wet areas the frequency of Sphagnum mosses increases, and heath rush Juncus squarrosus may be locally dominant. Hollows and valleys on Bodmin Moor are typically colonized by a range of wetland communities, notably: Carex rostr…

Kirkby Moor

…Juncus effusus or sharp-flowered rush J. acutiflorus over lawns of the bog moss Sphagnum fallax and Polytrichum commune. More species rich acidic flushes occur on the margins of the valley mires dominated by common cotton grass Eriophorum angustifolium over Sphagnum papillosum, w…

Eycott Hill

…roundwater table. This diversity is reflected in the large number of bog mosses Sphagnum species recorded; fifteen in total. The higher, more acidic levels of deep peat support a bog vegetation dominated by ericaceous dwarf shrubs and bog mosses Sphagnum spp. Bog mosses, mainly S…

Chasewater And The Southern Staffordshire Coalfield Heaths

…nium oxycoccos, cotton grasses Eriophorum spp. and various bog mosses including Sphagnum fallax, S. palustre, S. papillosum and S. capillifolium occurring at lower frequencies. Fens including habitats often referred to as mires and swamps A number of fens have developed on the ma…

Illey Pastures

…a fuchsii. Additionally the site has a small basin mire dominated by bog mosses Sphagnum fallax and Sphagnum cuspidatum with bog pondweed Potamogeton polygonifolius and marginal species such as water plantain Alisma plantago-aquatica, branched burreed Sparganium erectum and water…

Shaw Meadow & Sea Pasture

…tus, J. inflexus with carnation and glaucous sedges over a carpet of bog mosses Sphagnum species, including Sphagnum fallax, S. subnitens, S. palustre, S. papillosum and S. auriculatum. A range of herbs and grasses are associated with the above species and include devil's bit sca…

Whitfield Moor, Plenmeller and Ashholme Commons

…vaginatum is the main community on the moors. Bog pools dominated by bog mosses Sphagnum cuspidatum and Sphagnum fallax also form part of the mosaic, along with species poor flushes. These flushes are dominated by soft rush Juncus effusus and the bog mosses S. recurvum and S. aur…

Fair Head and Murlough Bay

…lium. Bryophyte cover is generally dominated by carpets of flat topped bog moss Sphagnum fallax, blunt-leaved bog-moss Sphagnum palustre and red bog moss Sphagnum capillifolium. Species which indicate a more base-rich influence also occur in pockets throughout the fen with specie…

Highfield Moss

…monanthe. The mixed mire communities which are developed on deep peat include a Sphagnum lawn, wet heath, tall fen, marginal ditch vegetation and open pools. Areas of wet heath are dominated by purple moor grass often with wavy hair grass and with common cotton grass Eriophorum a…

Wybunbury Moss

…rient poor oligotrophic and acidic thus allowing species such as the bog mosses Sphagnum spp. to colonise it. The resulting peat bogs are the mosses. In a few cases colonisation of the water surface by floating vegetation has resulted in the formation of a quaking bog known as a …

Chartley Moss

…rient poor oligotrophic and acidic thus allowing species such as the bog mosses Sphagnum spp. to colonise it. The resulting peat bogs are the 'mosses'. In a few cases colonisation of the water surface by floating vegetation has resulted in the formation of a quaking bog known as…

Round Lough and Lough Fadda

…escens grow over a thick moss carpet that is comprised of blunt-leaved bog-moss Sphagnum palustre, flat topped bog moss Spaghnum fallax and spiky bog moss Sphagnum squarrosum. Further woodland diversity is provided by drier areas of semi-natural woodland and Estate woodland compr…

Black Firs & Cranberry Bog

…rient poor oligotrophic and acidic thus allowing species such as the bog mosses Sphagnum spp. to colonise it. The resulting peat bogs are the mosses. In a few cases colonisation of the water surface by floating vegetation has resulted in the formation of a quaking bog known as a …

Lough na blaney bane

…ort Hydrocotyle vulgaris growing over extensive carpets of flat topped bog moss Sphagnum fallax and blunt-leaved bog-moss Sphagnum palustre. On more elevated ground to the north-west of Lough na blaney bane, there is a more natural succession from fen into an extensive area of we…

Blackslade Mire

…uncus effusus and sharp-flowered rush J. acutiflorus and bog mosses principally Sphagnum fallax, S. auriculatum, S. papillosum, S. capillifolium and Sphagnum pulchrum, together with a wide variety of herb species, especially in the areas of shorter vegetation. These herbs include…

Western Mournes and Kilfeaghan Upper

…phodel Narthecium ossifragum, purple moor grass Molinia caerulea and bog mosses Sphagnum spp. This community is somewhat unusual in containing a high proportion of bell heather Erica cinerea, which is generally associated with more freely draining soils. On flatter areas, deep pe…

Moorhouse and Cross Fell

…h in the Pennines. In areas where the water table is higher, bog mosses such as Sphagnum papillosum, Sphagnum magellanicum, S. capillifolium and Sphagnum cuspidatum predominate with other mosses such as Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Hypnum jutlandicum and Pleurozium schreberi, either i…

Combe Scar

… pinguis, Scorpidium revolvens, Scorpidium scorpioides, Campylium stellatum and Sphagnum warnstorfii. These base rich flushes are found in a variety of structural forms with dripping banks of vegetation, open muddy pools, the above mentioned sedge lawns and, of particular note, s…

Subberthwaite, Blawith and Torver Low Commons

…an extensive area of fell. Two of the valley mire communities, the bog asphodel Sphagnum papillosum valley mire and the bottle sedge Calliergonell cuspidatum mire characterise valley mires in South Cumbria, but are nationally rare and their combination is little known outside the…

Holburn Lake and Moss

… the moss species Hypnum jutlandicum and a patchy cover of bog mosses including Sphagnum fallax, S. capillifolium, S. tenellum and S. auriculatum. The mosaic of irregular hollows support bog pool conditions characterised by either a dominance of Sphagnum cuspidatum, S. recurvum o…

Spadeadam Mires

…ceptional quality having large areas of undamaged surface dominated by bog moss Sphagnum species. Agricultural reclamation, afforestation and peat exploitation have restricted the quality and extent of this habitat in Britain. The mires are largely dominated by Sphagnum species …

West Nidderdale, Barden and Blubberhouses Moors

…g asphodel Narthecium ossifragum, cross leaved heath Erica tetralix, bog mosses Sphagnum spp., round leaved sundew Drosera rotundifolia and bog rosemary Andromeda polifolia. Throughout the area species poor flushes dominated by soft rush Juncus effusus and bog moss Sphagnum falla…

Hexhamshire Moors

…with cross leaved heath Erica tetralix, a good cover of bog mosses particularly Sphagnum papillosum and, locally, cloudberry Rubus chamaemorus. Many acidic flushes drain the moorland plateau. These are generally species poor and dominated by soft rush Juncus effusus with a bog m…

Arkengarthdale, Gunnerside and Reeth Moors

…g asphodel Narthecium ossifragum, cross leaved heath Erica tetralix, bog mosses Sphagnum spp., round leaved sundew Drosera rotundifolia and locally scarce species such as bog rosemary Andromeda polifolia. Throughout the area species poor flushes dominated by soft rush Juncus eff…

Mungrisdale Mires

…d raised bogs known as the cross leaved heath bog moss community Erica tetralix Sphagnum papillosum community and also characteristically small but widespread areas of a bog pool community Sphagnum cuspidatum / recurvum community. The pools typically contain the bog moss Sphagnum…

Oakhanger Moss

…ient poor oligotrophic and acidic, thus allowing species such as the bog mosses Sphagnum spp. to colonise it. Hence, over many thousands of years, some meres have developed into mosses and an invaluable record of the detail of this process is preserved in the layers of peat and m…

Danes Moss

…rient poor oligotrophic and acidic thus allowing species such as the bog mosses Sphagnum spp. to colonise it. The resulting peat bogs are the mosses. Danes Moss which lies three kilometres south of Macclesfield is the largest example in Cheshire of a cut over raised mire and its …

Exmoor Coastal Heaths

… impoverished stands of wet heath with abundant cross-leaved heath and bog moss Sphagnum compactum. A few areas occur consisting of mosaics of a mire community dominated by purple moor-grass and tormentil Potentilla erecta, and areas dominated by rushes Juncus effusus/acutiflorus…

West Pennine Moors

…r table is close to the bog surface, bog mosses, including flat topped bog moss Sphagnum fallax, fringed bog moss S. fimbriatum, red bog moss S. capillifolium and lustrous bog moss S. subnitens, are commonly found in the understorey. Less commonly encountered species have a patch…

Bewick and Beanley Moors

…tentilla erecta and with an understorey that occasionally includes the bog moss Sphagnum capillifolium. On freer draining soils in association with rock outcrops, such as those which occur on the scarp slopes along the western edge of the site, heather is usually accompanied by e…

Kielder Mires

… are low in nutrients. The acidic, nutrient poor conditions support specialised Sphagnum dominated plant communities which are predominantly similar from one mire to another but have a number of variations. The differences in species composition and microtopography surface patter…

Carey Valley

…e vegetation associated with the central soak is dominated by cow horn bog moss Sphagnum denticulatum and perfoliate pondweed Potamogeton polygonifolius with dioecious sedge Carex dioica, a widespread but localised upland species of alkaline flushes, also occurring. Where the str…

Toller Porcorum

…canina together with a variety of sedges Carex spp. and abundant mosses such as Sphagnum fallax. The flushes have frequent meadow thistle Cirsium dissectum, marsh pennywort Hydrocotyle vulgaris and lousewort Pedicularis sylvatica with crossleaved heath Erica tetralix and heath sp…

Moorthwaite Moss

…ral improvement. The areas of open, acidic mire are dominated by the bog mosses Sphagnum species that form the peat deposits. Sphagnum magellanicum and S. papillosum are prominent at Moorthwaite and of note because they are very rare in other lowland basin mires. Other mosses, in…

Cotherstone Moor

…horum cespitosum and cross leaved heath Erica tetralix over a layer of bog moss Sphagnum, including two local species characteristic of undisturbed peat land, Sphagnum fuscum and Sphagnum magellanicum. Additional floristic interest is provided by the occurrence of bog asphodel Na…

Allendale Moors

…ed sundew Drosera rotundifolia. Bog mosses are generally abundant, principally Sphagnum papillosum and S. capillifolium var. rubellum. Peripheral areas of the moorland plateau have dry heath and acid grassland. The areas of dry heath are dominated by heather, wavy hair grass Des…

Wetley Moor

…heath rushJuncus squarrosusand occasional cross leaved heath Erica tetralix and Sphagnum species. The local abundance of the moss Polytrichum commune suggests that some areas have previously been burned. Where localised flushing occurs, mire communities have developed. These are …

Green Croft and Langley Moor

…ss, hare’s tail cotton grass, tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa, bog moss Sphagnum fallax and the moss Polytrichum commune. In drier areas bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus is common. Of additional interest are small ponds which support a breeding population of great crested ne…

Wellington College Bog

…lted in the build up of peat and the development of the bog itself. Bog mosses Sphagnum spp., especially two widespread species S. papillosum and S. capillifolium predominate in the permanently waterlogged open mire. Also occurring are Sphagnum magellanicum, which is uncommon in…

Brown Moss

…rient poor oligotrophic and acidic thus allowing species such as the bog mosses Sphagnum spp. to colonise it. The resulting peat bogs are the mosses. In a few cases colonisation of the water surface by floating vegetation has resulted in the formation of a quaking bog known as a …

Mallerstang-Swaledale Head

…hese frequently are characterised by star sedge Carex echinata and the bog moss Sphagnum fallax; a particularly species rich example occurs at Green Springs. Other flushes typically include bog mosses, rushes Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus effusus, sedges Carex nigra, Carex rostrata…

Bowes Moor

…angustifolium and deer grass Trichophorum cespitosum over a layer of bog mosses Sphagnum spp. Locally a bog type transitional in character between upland and lowland bogs has developed and contains cross leaved heath Erica tetralix, bog asphodel Narthecium ossifragum, bog rosemar…

West Dorset Coast

…nge of base status. The more acidic flushes are dominated by bog mosses, mostly Sphagnum fallax and S. papillosum, with herbs such as marsh pennywort Hydrocotyle vulgaris and marsh violet Viola palustris. More base-rich flushes are dominated by a mixture of grasses and rushes and…

Coleshill and Bannerly Pools

…arex paniculata are also present amid small carpets of bog mosses which include Sphagnum fallax, S. squarrosum and S. fimbriatum. Bannerly Pool is surrounded by a sump alder wood in which alder dominates the canopy, with the occasional crack willow Salix fragilis. Alder is also a…

Salta Moss

…eas, probably from which peat has been cut, have abundant bog mosses especially Sphagnum fallax with some S. papillosum together with common cotton grass, bogbean Menyanthus trifoliata, marsh pennywort Hydrocotyle vulgaris and more locally cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccos. The moss …

Lin Can Moss

…rient poor oligotrophic and acidic thus allowing species such as the bog mosses Sphagnum spp. to colonise it. The resulting peat bogs are the mosses. In a few cases colonisation of the water surface by floating vegetation has resulted in the formation of a quaking bog known as a …

Simonside Hills

…t a variety of typical heathland mosses including, on some north facing slopes, Sphagnum capillifolium and Plagiothecium undulatum. Lesser twayblade Neottia cordata is present in some of the more luxuriant stands. On the high plateau there is blanket bog with heather and hares t…

Shap Fells

…n a good condition with a high cover of heather Calluna vulgaris and bog mosses Sphagnum species, although some areas have become degraded through grazing pressure and poor burning practice. Active blanket bog is well developed on the north facing slopes of Wasdale Pike and Long …

Bolton Fell and Walton Mosses

…og Lowland raised bogs depend for their growth on an active layer of bog mosses Sphagnum species on the bog surface. These mosses are rainwater fed ombrotrophic and grow slowly upwards, with their remains forming the peat deposit. Over the centuries, the whole peat body grows and…

Bollihope, Pikestone, Eggleston and Woodland Fells

…a species poor flushes dominated by soft rush Juncus effusus and the bog mosses Sphagnum fallax and S. auriculatum occur. Locally, more species rich flushes are found which contain locally scarce species such as starry saxifrage Saxifraga stellaris, marsh St John’s wort Hypericum…

Migneint-Arenig-Dduallt

…with cross-leaved heath Erica tetralix, crowberry Empetrum nigrum, the bog moss Sphagnum capillifolium and hypnoid mosses such as Hypnum jutlandicum and Pleurozium schreberi. In wetter areas cross-leaved heath Erica tetralix and the bog moss Sphagnum papillosum are more prominent…

Popehouse Moor

…terlogged. The latter support mire-type vegetation, characterised by bog mosses Sphagnum fallax and S. auriculatam and frequent star sedge Carex echinata, marsh violet Viola palustris and bog Pimpernel Anagallis tenella. Common cottongrass Eriophorum angustifolium, marsh lousewor…

Dozmary Pool

…bundant bog asphodel Narthecium ossifragum, carnation sedge, and the bog mosses Sphagnum fallax, S. palustre and S. rubellum. Associated species include marsh violet Viola palustris, common cottongrass Eriophorum angustifolium, hare’s-tail cottongrass Eriophorum vaginatum, and th…

Lazonby Fell

…round flora of heather and bilberry. The small valley bog contains the bog moss Sphagnum fallax with such plants as common cotton grass, purple moor grass and common sedge. The disused quarries support mosses, lichens and ferns most notably, occasional parsley fern on and amongst…

Lough Corr

…as. Bryophyte cover is generally high and is dominated by flat topped bog moss Sphagnum fallax, hooked scorpion moss Scorpidium scorpioides, pointed spear moss Calliergonell cuspidatum and occasional giant spear moss Calliergon giganteum. Further habitat diversity is provided by…

Outley Mosses

…rly well displayed at Outley Mosses. Two of the communities, the bog asphodel – Sphagnum papillosum valley mire and the bottle sedge – Calliergonell cuspidatum mire, are nationally rare and their combination is not known outside southern Cumbria. Outley Mosses are more diverse an…

Lampert Mosses

…uality mire vegetation with large areas of intact surface dominated by bog moss Sphagnum species, this plant being the major peat former. The vegetation is of a type more typical of lowland raised bogs and in England its occurrence as blanket bog is largely restricted to West Nor…

Priddy Pools

… valley mire has developed in the area immediately to the south of the springs. Sphagnum fallax and S. auriculatum are the most frequent mosses. Common cotton grass Eriophorum angustifolium, brown bent Agrostis canina, soft rush Juncus effusus and jointed rush J. articulatus are …

Pen-y-ghent

…ports bottle sedge Carex rostrata, white sedge Carex canescens and the bog moss Sphagnum fallax. In steeper, or better drained situations on acid soils, bog is replaced by grassland dominated either by mat grass Nardus stricta or purple moor grass Molinia caerulea and at higher a…

North York Moors

…rrosus are also common within this community. In the wettest stands bog mosses Sphagnum compactum and S. tenellum and Dicranum moss Dicranum scoparium occur. Blanket mire occurs in small amounts along the main watershed of the high moors where deep peat has accumulated. These ar…

North Exmoor

…ail cottongrass Trichophorum cespitosum - Erlophorum vaginatum type. Bog mosses Sphagnum spp are abundant, together with purple moor-grass Molinia caerulea, deer grass, hare's-tail cottongrass and common cottongrass Eriophorum angustifolium. Typical herbs are bog asphodel Narthec…

Lune Forest

… soft rush Juncus effusus predominating alongside mosses including the bog moss Sphagnum fallax and star moss Polytrichum commune. There are also very localised patches of more herb rich mire where sharp-flowered rush Juncus acutiflorus and herbs including common marsh bedstraw G…

Trodds Copse

…ere the peat is very acid the ground flora is dominated by bog mosses including Sphagnum palustre and Sphagnum flexuosum under a canopy of acid sump alder woodland. Species associated with the alder woodlands include tussock and remote sedges Carex paniculata and Carex remota, m…

Burnhope Burn

… leaved heath Erica tetralix, deer grass Trichophorum cespitosum and bog mosses Sphagnum spp., are dominant, whilst bog asphodel Narthecium ossifragum and cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccos, both local species in Durham, are abundant. The flanks of a small ditch, running through the c…

Dark Peak

…utants. Atmospheric pollution has ledt o the loss of practically all bog mosses Sphagnum. Once vegetation has been lost and the peat exposed, erosion and oxidation of the peat inhibit plant recolonisation. Peat formation and erosion has been studied quite extensively in the Dark …

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