Benington High Wood

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 51.8955, -0.1336

Also within

Hertfordshire County

Condition (Natural England)

Unfavourable Recovering (1)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
TL285235 Unfavourable Recovering 20.66 2021-04-26

Geology & landscape

Rock Type: Chalk, Glacial Till

Landscape processes: Glacial

Description

Area, 20.7 ha. 51.1 ac. Description Benington High Wood is an ancient woodland and one of the best remaining examples in the county of the pedunculate oak hornbeam woodland of the ash maple variant, which is restricted nationally to south and east England. The wood has a good structure, with areas of both high forest and coppice with standards, interspersed with woodland clearings and broad rides where the species richness of the ground flora is increased. The dominant tree species are pedunculate oak Quercus robur standards and hornbeam Carpinus betulus occurring mainly as overgrown coppice and dominating the well developed shrub layer. Shrub species include field maple Acer campestre, hazel Corylus avellana and midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata; the last is strongly associated with ancient woodlands. The ground flora is characteristic of the woodland type and dominated by dog’s mercury Mercurialis perennis and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta. There are a variety of plants which are associated with ancient woodland sites, including yellow archangel Lamiastrum galeobdolon, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa and wood sedge Carex sylvatica. The diversity of the ground flora increases where the chalk underlying the boulder clay is close to the surface on the western side. A well planned programme of woodland management, including the re establishment of coppicing is enhancing the value of this site.

Species mentioned

English name
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Latin name
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IUCN / Red List Type Family
wood anemone Anemone nemorosa LC herb ranunculaceae
bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta LC herb liliaceae
yellow archangel Lamiastrum galeobdolon LC herb lamiaceae
dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis LC herb euphorbiaceae
wood sedge Carex sylvatica LC sedge cyperaceae
midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata LC shrub rosaceae
field maple Acer campestre LC tree aceraceae
hornbeam Carpinus betulus LC tree betulaceae
hazel Corylus avellana LC tree corylaceae
common oak Quercus robur LC tree fagaceae

Insects to look out for

These moths, butterflies and beetles are known to feed on plants recorded at this site, and carry a notable UK conservation status — but a host-plant being present doesn't mean the insect has actually been recorded here. Treat this as "worth watching for," not a confirmed sighting.

SpeciesStatusVia host-plant
Oak lutestring
Cymatophorina diluta
Endangered Quercus robur
Figure of eight
Diloba caeruleocephala
Endangered Crataegus spp.
Maple pug
Eupithecia inturbata
Endangered Acer campestre
Scarce vapourer
Orgyia recens
Endangered Corylus avellana, Crataegus spp., Quercus spp.
Mouse moth
Amphipyra tragopoginis
Vulnerable Crataegus spp.
The sprawler
Asteroscopus sphinx
Vulnerable Corylus avellana, Crataegus spp., Quercus spp.
Mottled umber
Erannis defoliaria
Vulnerable Acer campestre, Carpinus betulus, Corylus avellana, Crataegus spp., Quercus spp.
The lackey
Malacosoma neustria
Vulnerable Corylus avellana, Quercus spp.
Pale brindled
Phigalia pilosaria
Vulnerable Corylus avellana, Crataegus laevigata, Quercus spp.
Early moth
Theria primaria
Vulnerable Crataegus laevigata, Quercus spp.
Pale eggar
Trichiura crataegi
Vulnerable Corylus avellana, Quercus spp.
Oak hook-tip
Watsonalla binaria
Vulnerable Quercus robur
Flounced chestnut
Agrochola helvola
Near Threatened Quercus spp.
Light crimson underwing
Catocala promissa
Near Threatened Quercus robur
Dark crimson underwing
Catocala sponsa
Near Threatened Quercus robur
Heart moth
Dicycla oo
Near Threatened Quercus robur
Large thorn
Ennomos autumnaria
Near Threatened Corylus avellana, Crataegus spp., Quercus spp.
September thorn
Ennomos erosaria
Near Threatened Quercus spp.
Autumnal rustic
Eugnorisma glareosa
Near Threatened Hyacinthoides non-scripta
Double dart
Graphiphora augur
Near Threatened Crataegus spp., Quercus spp.
Clay fan-foot
Paracolax tristalis
Near Threatened Quercus spp.
Common fan-foot
Pechipogo strigilata
Near Threatened Quercus robur
Frosted green
Polyploca ridens
Near Threatened Quercus robur

Host-plant data: Cook et al. (2025), Traits data for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland, 2024, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology / Butterfly Conservation; and Padovani et al. (2020), Database of Insects and their Food Plants (DBIF), UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (both Open Government Licence). Contains data supplied by UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.