Bolt Head to Bolt Tail

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 50.2191, -3.8247

Condition (Natural England)

Favourable (124) Unfavourable Recovering (1)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
SX666395 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX666396 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX666397 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX667395 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX667397 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX668392 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX668393 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX668394 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX668395 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX668397 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX669392 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX669394 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX669398 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX670391 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX670392 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX671390 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX671391 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX672390 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX672391 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX672397 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX672398 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX673388 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX673389 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX674387 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX674388 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX675387 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX676387 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX679385 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX679387 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX680384 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX680385 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX681384 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX682383 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX682385 Unfavourable Recovering 34.7 2009-11-30
SX683383 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX684382 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX685382 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX686382 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX686383 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX687381 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX687382 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX688381 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX689380 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX689381 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX691379 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX692376 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX692378 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX693376 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX693379 Favourable 12.08 2009-06-13
SX694375 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX694376 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX695369 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX695370 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX695374 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX695375 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX696374 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX696375 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX697371 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX697372 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX697374 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX698370 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX698371 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX698372 Favourable 3.24 2009-06-14
SX699369 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX699370 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX700367 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX700368 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX701367 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX701368 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX702366 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX702367 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX703366 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX703367 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX704365 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX704366 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX704367 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX705365 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX705366 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX706365 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX707364 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX707365 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX708364 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX709364 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX710364 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX711364 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX712364 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX712365 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX713364 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX713365 Favourable 79.84 2010-09-21
SX715364 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX715365 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX716364 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX717362 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX717363 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX717364 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX718361 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX719361 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX720361 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX721360 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX721361 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX722360 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX723359 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX723360 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX724359 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX725359 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX726358 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX726359 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX726360 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX726362 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX726363 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX726364 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX727357 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX727358 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX727359 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX727360 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX727361 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX727362 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX727365 Favourable 1.02 2017-01-06
SX727367 Favourable 19.16 2009-06-29
SX728359 Favourable 18.94 2009-06-14
SX728365 Favourable 1.02 2017-01-06
SX729371 Favourable 6.97 2009-06-29
SX730365 Favourable 1.02 2017-01-06
SX730366 Favourable 1.02 2017-01-06
SX730367 Favourable 1.02 2017-01-06

Climate exposure

This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.

Coastal

Coastal habitats are exposed to sea-level rise and storm erosion. Where hard sea defences sit behind them, there's nowhere landward to retreat to — a squeeze that keeps compressing the habitat no matter how well it's managed.

Geology & landscape

Geological Period: Devonian

Landscape processes: Coastal, Karst

Birds & fish recorded

Birds

SpeciesSeason
phalacrocorax aristotelis Breeding
fulmar Breeding

Description

Bolt Head to Bolt Tail SSSI Description This site is of high botanical value due to the presence of many rare or local flowering plants and lichens and is also important for its invertebrate fauna and for breeding birds. The bedrock consists of mineral-rich Lower Devonian schists forming cliffs rising to some 120 metres for about 9 kilometres, facing mostly south west. On the cliffs there is a thin layer of well-drained loamy brown-earth soil supporting maritime rock-crevice, maritime grassland, maritime heath and scrub communities. Broadleaved woodland occurs at the sheltered north-east end. The maritime grassland communities are characterised by red fescue Festuca rubra with thrift Armeria maritima, Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus, sea and buckshorn plantain Plantago maritima and Plantago coronopus, wild carrot Daucus carota and bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta. Bloody cranesbill Geranium sanguineum also occurs. The grassland often fades out on to bare rock, or merges with heathland of heather Calluna vulgaris, bell heather Erica cinerea and western gorse Ulex gallii. These plant communities contain a number of nationally rare or uncommon species such as carrot broomrape Orobanche maritima, upright chickweed Moenchia erecta, autumn squill Scilla autumnalis, Portland spurge Euphorbia portlandica and sea storksbill Erodium maritimum. There are many areas of bracken Pteridium aquilinum and of scrub species such as gorse Ulex europaeus, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and bramble Rubus fruticosus. North of Bolt Head, facing the Salcombe Estuary, there is a stretch of woodland dominated by sessile oak Quercus petraea, with some ash Fraxinus excelsior, beech Fagus sylvatica and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. The rocks support a wide variety of lichens, including an assemblage with Mediterranean affinities. Rare species include Cladonia convoluta and C. forma. Teloschistes flavicans, Roccella fuciformis, R. phycopsis and Buellia leptoclinoides. The invertebrate fauna contains many species limited mainly to southerly coastal sites. Three nationally rare species of ant are found namely Solenopsis fugax, Strongylongnathus testaceus and Anergates atratulus (the latter two species being parasites in the nests of Tetramorium caespitum. The grey bush cricket Platycleis albopunctata is plentiful and there are two native species of cockroach Ectobius pallidus and Ectobius panzeri. The scrub provides nesting cover for Cirl bunting Emberiza cirlus and other birds, while fulmar Fulmarus glacialis and shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis breed on the cliffs and rocks.

Species mentioned

English name
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Latin name
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IUCN / Red List Type Family
ant Solenopsis fugax Not listed in GB list ant formicidae
turf ant Tetramorium caespitum Not listed in GB list ant formicidae
dark guest ant Anergates atratulus Not listed in GB list ant parasite formicidae
ant parasite Strongylongnathus testaceus Not listed in GB list ant parasite formicidae
Phalacrocorax aristotelis Not listed in GB list bird phalacrocoracidae
cirl bunting Emberiza cirlus LC (Breeding) bird-bunting emberizidae
shag Gulosus aristotelis VU (Breeding) bird-frigate fregatidae
fulmar Fulmarus glacialis CR (Breeding) bird-fulmar procellariidae
grey bush-cricket Platycleis albopunctata LC bush cricket tettigoniidae
tawny cockroach Ectobius pallidus LC cockroaches blattellidae
lesser cockroach Ectobius panzeri Not listed in GB list cockroaches blattellidae
bracken Pteridium aquilinum LC fern dennstaedtiaceae
red fescue Festuca rubra LC grass poaceae
Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus LC grass poaceae
thrift Armeria maritima CR herb plumbaginaceae
wild carrot Daucus carota LC herb apiaceae
sea stork's-bill Erodium maritimum LC herb geraniaceae
Portland spurge Euphorbia portlandica LC herb euphorbiaceae
bloody cranesbill Geranium sanguineum LC herb geraniaceae
bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta LC herb liliaceae
upright chickweed Moenchia erecta VU herb carophyllaceae
carrot broomrape Orobanche maritima Not listed in GB list herb orobanchaceae
buck's-horn plantain Plantago coronopus LC herb plantaginaceae
sea plantain Plantago maritima LC herb plantaginaceae
bramble Rubus fruticosus LC herb rosaceae
autumn squill Scilla autumnalis LC herb liliaceae
no common name Buellia leptoclinoides LC lichen no common name
lichen-no common name Cladonia convoluta VU lichen tba
lichen-no common name Roccella fuciformis NT lichen tba
powdered orange bush lichen Teloschistes flavicans VU lichen no common name
hawthorn Crataegus monogyna LC shrub rosaceae
blackthorn Prunus spinosa LC shrub rosaceae
gorse Ulex europaeus LC shrub leguminosae
western gorse Ulex gallii LC shrub leguminosae
bell heather or ling Calluna vulgaris NT shrub dwarf ericaceae
bell heather Erica cinerea NT shrub dwarf ericaceae
sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus Not listed in GB list tree aceraceae
beech Fagus sylvatica LC tree fabiaceae
ash Fraxinus excelsior LC tree oleaceae
sessile or durmast oak Quercus petraea LC tree fagaceae

Insects to look out for

These moths, butterflies and beetles are known to feed on plants recorded at this site, and carry a notable UK conservation status — but a host-plant being present doesn't mean the insect has actually been recorded here. Treat this as "worth watching for," not a confirmed sighting.

SpeciesStatusVia host-plant
Oak lutestring
Cymatophorina diluta
Endangered Quercus petraea
Figure of eight
Diloba caeruleocephala
Endangered Crataegus spp., Prunus spinosa, Prunus spp.
The lappet
Gastropacha quercifolia
Endangered Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Prunus spp.
Shoulder-striped clover
Heliothis maritima
Endangered Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea
Glanville fritillary
Melitaea cinxia
Endangered Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima
Scarce vapourer
Orgyia recens
Endangered Crataegus spp., Fagus sylvatica, Prunus spinosa, Quercus spp., Rubus fruticosus
Black hairstreak
Satyrium pruni
Endangered Prunus spinosa
Sussex emerald
Thalera fimbrialis
Endangered Daucus carota
Mouse moth
Amphipyra tragopoginis
Vulnerable Crataegus spp.
The sprawler
Asteroscopus sphinx
Vulnerable Crataegus spp., Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Prunus spinosa, Prunus spp., Quercus spp.
Broom moth
Ceramica pisi
Vulnerable Calluna vulgaris, Pteridium aquilinum, Rubus fruticosus
Mottled umber
Erannis defoliaria
Vulnerable Acer pseudoplatanus, Crataegus spp., Fagus sylvatica, Prunus spinosa, Quercus spp.
Marsh fritillary
Euphydryas aurinia
Vulnerable Plantago spp.
Satyr pug
Eupithecia satyrata
Vulnerable Calluna vulgaris
Garden dart
Euxoa nigricans
Vulnerable Plantago spp.
Grayling
Hipparchia semele
Vulnerable Festuca rubra
True lover's knot
Lycophotia porphyrea
Vulnerable Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea
The lackey
Malacosoma neustria
Vulnerable Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Prunus spp., Quercus spp., Rubus fruticosus
Pale brindled
Phigalia pilosaria
Vulnerable Crataegus monogyna, Fraxinus excelsior, Prunus spinosa, Quercus spp.
Silver studded blue
Plebejus argus
Vulnerable Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Ulex spp.
Grizzled skipper
Pyrgus malvae
Vulnerable Rubus fruticosus
Lead belle
Scotopteryx mucronata
Vulnerable Ulex europaeus
Brown hairstreak
Thecla betulae
Vulnerable Prunus spinosa
Early moth
Theria primaria
Vulnerable Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Quercus spp.
Pale eggar
Trichiura crataegi
Vulnerable Calluna vulgaris, Crataegus monogyna, Erica cinerea, Prunus spinosa, Quercus spp., Rubus fruticosus
Oak hook-tip
Watsonalla binaria
Vulnerable Quercus petraea
Flounced chestnut
Agrochola helvola
Near Threatened Calluna vulgaris, Crataegus monogyna, Quercus spp.
Beaded chestnut
Agrochola lychnidis
Near Threatened Crataegus monogyna
Grey chi
Antitype chi
Near Threatened Armeria maritima, Crataegus monogyna
Garden tiger
Arctia caja
Near Threatened Plantago spp., Prunus spinosa, Pteridium aquilinum
Small heath
Coenonympha pamphilus
Near Threatened Festuca spp.
Grey scalloped
Dyscia fagaria
Near Threatened Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea
Large thorn
Ennomos autumnaria
Near Threatened Acer pseudoplatanus, Crataegus spp., Prunus spinosa, Prunus spp., Quercus spp.
September thorn
Ennomos erosaria
Near Threatened Fagus sylvatica, Quercus spp.
Dusky thorn
Ennomos fuscantaria
Near Threatened Fraxinus excelsior
Autumnal rustic
Eugnorisma glareosa
Near Threatened Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Plantago spp.
Grey pug
Eupithecia subfuscata
Near Threatened Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa
White-spotted pug
Eupithecia tripunctaria
Near Threatened Daucus carota
Double dart
Graphiphora augur
Near Threatened Crataegus spp., Prunus spinosa, Quercus spp.
Weaver's wave
Idaea contiguaria
Near Threatened Calluna vulgaris
Wall
Lasiommata megera
Near Threatened Holcus lanatus
Swallowtail papilio
Papilio machaon
Near Threatened Daucus carota
Clay fan-foot
Paracolax tristalis
Near Threatened Quercus spp.
Frosted green
Polyploca ridens
Near Threatened Quercus petraea

Host-plant data: Cook et al. (2025), Traits data for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland, 2024, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology / Butterfly Conservation; and Padovani et al. (2020), Database of Insects and their Food Plants (DBIF), UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (both Open Government Licence). Contains data supplied by UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.

Plant communities

W25 — Bracken scrub

Pteridium aquilinum-Rubus fruticosus underscrub

Matches 10 species from the description above: Acer pseudoplatanus, Crataegus monogyna, Fagus sylvatica, Festuca rubra, Fraxinus excelsior, Holcus lanatus, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Prunus spinosa, Pteridium aquilinum, Ulex europaeus

Hedera helix, Acer pseudoplatanus, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Sambucus nigra, Ulex europaeus, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Luzula multiflora, Mnium hornum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Heracleum sphondylium, Arum maculatum, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Silene dioica, Stellaria holostea, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Glechoma hederacea, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Chamerion angustifolium, Circaea lutetiana, Digitalis purpurea, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ficaria verna, Potentilla erecta, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium saxatile, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris filix-mas

H7 — Hard cliff and cliff slope, Lowland dry heath

Calluna vulgaris-Scilla verna heath

Matches 9 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Calluna vulgaris, Daucus carota, Erica cinerea, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Ulex europaeus

Salix repens, Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Erica vagans, Juniperus communis, Ulex europaeus, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Carex pulicaris, Carex serotina, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Selaginella selaginoides, Hypnum cupressiforme, Frullania tamarisci, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia rangiformis, Daucus carota, Achillea millefolium, Hypochaeris radicata, Leontodon saxatilis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Serratula tinctoria, Jasione montana, Succisa pratensis, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Silene uniflora, Sedum anglicum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Astragalus danicus, Genista pilosa, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Centaurium erythraea, Thymus praecox, Scilla verna, Dactylorhiza purpurella, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygala vulgaris, Rumex acetosa, Primula vulgaris, Filipendula vulgaris, Potentilla erecta, Galium verum, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira caryophyllea, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Chara curta

H8 — Hard cliff and cliff slope, Lowland dry heath, Upland dry heath

Calluna vulgaris-Ulex gallii heath

Matches 8 species from the description above: Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Plantago maritima, Pteridium aquilinum, Ulex europaeus, Ulex gallii

Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea, Erica tetralix, Vaccinium myrtillus, Ulex europaeus, Ulex gallii, Carex binervis, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex pilulifera, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranum scoparium, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Polytrichum juniperinum, Polytrichum piliferum, Cladonia impexa, Cladonia squamosa, Hypochaeris radicata, Jasione montana, Lotus corniculatus, Hypericum pulchrum, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Scilla verna, Linum catharticum, Pedicularis sylvatica, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Polygala serpyllifolia, Rumex acetosella, Potentilla erecta, Poterium sanguisorba, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium saxatile, Galium verum, Viola lactea, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis curtisii, Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis vinealis, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Molinia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Pteridium aquilinum, Chara curta

MC5 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Armeria maritima-Cerastium diffusum ssp. diffusum maritime therophyte community

Matches 8 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Daucus carota, Euphorbia portlandica, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Scilla autumnalis

Carex flacca, Hypnum cupressiforme, Tortella flavovirens, Cladonia chlorophaea, Cladonia foliacea, Cladonia rangiformis, Collema spp., Daucus carota, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Cirsium acaule, Echium vulgare, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon saxatilis, Pilosella officinarum, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Myosotis ramosissima, Brassica oleracea, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Diplotaxis muralis, Jasione montana, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Herniaria ciliolata, Sagina apetala, Sagina maritima, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex littoralis, Sedum acre, Sedum anglicum, Euphorbia portlandica, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium arvense, Trifolium occidentale, Trifolium repens, Trifolium scabrum, Vicia sativa, Centaurium erythraea, Eriodium cicutarium, Salvia verbenaca, Thymus praecox, Scilla autumnalis, Scilla verna, Radiola linoides, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Veronica arvensis, Armeria maritima, Ranunculus acris, Reseda lutea, Filipendula vulgaris, Poterium sanguisorba, Galium verum, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira caryophyllea, Aira praecox, Brachypodium pinnatum, Bromus hordeaceous, Catapodium marinum, Catapodium rigidum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Lolium perenne, Schedonorus arundinaceus

W21 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Crataegus monogyna-Hedera helix scrub

Matches 8 species from the description above: Acer pseudoplatanus, Crataegus monogyna, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Holcus lanatus, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Prunus spinosa, Pteridium aquilinum

Hedera helix, Salix cinerea, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ilex aquifolium, Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Taxus baccata, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus procera, Sambucus nigra, Viburnum lantana, Euonymus europaeus, Cornus sanguinea, Juniperus communis, Ligustrum vulgare, Clematis vitalba, Rhamnus cathartica, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Juncus effusus, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Rhynchostegium confertum, Tamus communis, Heracleum sphondylium, Torilis japonica, Arum maculatum, Arctium minus, Cirsium arvense, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Stellaria graminea, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria media agg., Calystegia sepium, Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Iris foetidissima, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium purpureum, Origanum vulgare, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Allium ursinum, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Circaea lutetiana, Rumex sanguineus, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus repens, Fragaria vesca, Geum urbanum, Potentilla sterilis, Poterium sanguisorba, Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Anisantha sterilis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Brachypodium pinnatum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Bromopsis erecta, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris filix-mas

MC9 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Festuca rubra-Holcus lanatus maritime grassland

Matches 7 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Daucus carota, Euphorbia portlandica, Festuca rubra, Geranium sanguineum, Holcus lanatus, Plantago maritima

Empetrum nigrum subsp.nigrum, Carex caryophyllea, Carex flacca, Carex nigra, Carex panicea, Luzula campestris, Hypnum cupressiforme, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Trichostomum brachydontium, Cladonia chlorophaea, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Daucus carota, Heracleum sphondylium, Achillea millefolium, Bellis perennis, Centaurea nigra, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon saxatilis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pilosella officinarum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Serratula tinctoria, Solidago virgaurea, Cochlearia officinalis, Campanula rotundifolia, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina apetala, Silene uniflora, Sedum anglicum, Euphorbia portlandica, Anthyllis vulneraria, Genista tinctoria, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Geranium sanguineum, Thymus praecox, Scilla verna, Euphrasia officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla erecta, Galium verum, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Aira praecox, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Danthonia decumbens, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Koeleria macrantha, Poa pratensis

W22 — Hedgerow scrub, Mixed scrub

Prunus spinosa-Rubus fruticosus scrub

Matches 7 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Prunus spinosa, Pteridium aquilinum, Ulex europaeus

Hedera helix, Acer campestre, Corylus avellana, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Plagiomnium undulatum, Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium striatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Lophocolea bidentata, Achillea millefolium, Cardamine flexuosa, Lonicera periclymenum, Moehringia trinervia, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Mercurialis perennis, Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Teucrium scorodonia, Hyacinthoides non-scripta, Oxalis acetosella, Digitalis purpurea, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum urbanum, Rosa canina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus idaeus, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Viola riviniana, Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Poa trivialis, Asplenium scolopendrium, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris borreri, Dryopteris filix-mas

MC8 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Festuca rubra-Armeria maritima maritime grassland

Matches 6 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Daucus carota, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima

Carex caryophyllea, Carex distans, Kindbergia praelonga, Tortella flavovirens, Trichostomum brachydontium, Angelica sylvestris, Crithmum maritimum, Daucus carota, Ligusticum scoticum, Achillea millefolium, Cirsium arvense, Hypochaeris radicata, Inula crithmoides, Leontodon saxatilis, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus oleraceus, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Brassica oleracea, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium diffusum, Cerastium fontanum, Sagina apetala, Sagina maritima, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Sedum anglicum, Anthyllis vulneraria, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Centaurium erythraea, Scilla verna, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Potentilla erecta, Agrostis stolonifera, Brachypodium pinnatum, Catapodium marinum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Poa subcaerulea

MC1 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Crithmum maritimum-Spergularia rupicola maritime rock-crevice community

Matches 5 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Daucus carota, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima

Tortella flavovirens, Crithmum maritimum, Daucus carota, Inula crithmoides, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia danica, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium diffusum, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex hastata, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Limonium binervosum, Catapodium marinum, Festuca rubra, Parapholis incurva, Asplenium marinum

MC2 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Armeria maritima-Ligusticum scoticum maritime rock-crevice community

Matches 4 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima

Schistidium maritimum, Ligusticum scoticum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex hastata, Sedum rosea, Plantago coronopus, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex crispus, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Asplenium marinum

MC3 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Rhodiola rosea-Armeria maritima 36-ledge community

Matches 4 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Plantago maritima

Angelica sylvestris, Ligusticum scoticum, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Sedum rosea, Lotus corniculatus, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus

MC4 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Brassica oleracea 36-ledge community

Matches 4 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Daucus carota, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus

Daucus carota, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium arvense, Echium vulgare, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leucanthemum vulgare, Pilosella officinarum, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Tragopogon pratensis, Brassica nigra, Brassica oleracea, Cheiranthus cheiri, Silene nutans, Silene uniflora, Sedum acre, Anthyllis vulneraria, Ononis repens, Teucrium scorodonia, Plantago coronopus, Plantago lanceolata, Armeria maritima, Rumex acetosa, Potentilla reptans, Galium aparine, Agrostis stolonifera, Brachypodium pinnatum, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Schedonorus arundinaceus

MC6 — Coastal vegetated shingle, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Atriplex prostrata-Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima sea-bird cliff community

Matches 4 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Daucus carota, Festuca rubra, Plantago coronopus

Daucus carota, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia officinalis, Silene uniflora, Spergularia rupicola, Atriplex hastata, Malva arborea, Plantago coronopus, Armeria maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex crispus, Bromus hordeaceous, Catapodium marinum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra

MC7 — Hard cliff and cliff slope

Stellaria media-Rumex acetosa sea-bird cliff community

Matches 4 species from the description above: Armeria maritima, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Plantago maritima

Juncus articulatus, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio vulgaris, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Cerastium glomeratum, Silene uniflora, Spergula arvensis, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Sedum anglicum, Trifolium repens, Plantago maritima, Armeria maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Potentilla anserina, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Poa annua, Poa pratensis

MG1 — Brownfield, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Arrhenatherum elatius grassland

Matches 4 species from the description above: Daucus carota, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Pteridium aquilinum

Hedera helix, Luzula campestris, Brachythecium rutabulum, Kindbergia praelonga, Pseudoscleropodium purum, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Aegopodium podagraria, Anthriscus sylvestris, Conopodium majus, Daucus carota, Heracleum sphondylium, Pimpinella major, Pimpinella saxifraga, Achillea millefolium, Artemisia vulgaris, Carduus nutans, Centaurea nigra, Centaurea scabiosa, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Jacobaea vulgaris, Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Campanula rotundifolia, Knautia arvensis, Scabiosa columbaria, Cerastium fontanum, Silene nutans, Stellaria graminea, Convolvulus arvensis, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Vicia sativa, Vicia sepium, Geranium dissectum, Hypericum perforatum, Clinopodium vulgare, Glechoma hederacea, Lamium album, Origanum vulgare, Teucrium scorodonia, Thymus praecox, Linum catharticum, Chamerion angustifolium, Epilobium hirsutum, Epipactis purpurata, Rhinanthus minor, Papaver dubium, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica chamaedrys, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Primula veris, Primula vulgaris, Ficaria verna, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus bulbosus, Ranunculus repens, Agrimonia eupatoria, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla reptans, Poterium sanguisorba, Rubus fruticosus agg., Galium aparine, Galium mollugo sens.lat., Galium verum, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Anisantha sterilis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenula pubescens, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Briza media, Bromopsis erecta, Bromus hordeaceous, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia repens, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Holcus mollis, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis, Trisetum flavescens, Pteridium aquilinum, Chara vulgaris

MG11 — Brownfield, Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Festuca rubra-Agrostis stolonifera-Potentilla anserina grassland

Matches 3 species from the description above: Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Plantago maritima

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex arenaria, Carex distans, Juncus articulatus, Juncus bufonius, Juncus gerardii, Brachythecium rutabulum, Odontites verna, Oenanthe lachenalii, Bellis perennis, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Hypochaeris radicata, Matricaria discoidea, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Senecio aquaticus, Sonchus asper, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cochlearia anglica, Cochlearia officinalis, Cerastium fontanum, Honckenya peploides, Sagina procumbens, Silene dioica, Silene uniflora, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Triglochin maritimum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Plantago maritima, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Potentilla anserina, Potentilla reptans, Galium aparine, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Ammophila arenaria, Arrhenatherum elatius, Bromus hordeaceous, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia juncea, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Parapholis strigosa, Phleum pratense, Poa annua, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis

MG12 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope

Festuca arundinacea grassland

Matches 3 species from the description above: Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Plantago maritima

Atriplex portulacoides, Carex distans, Carex nigra, Carex otrubae, Eleocharis uniglumis, Juncus acutiflorus, Juncus articulatus, Juncus gerardii, Juncus inflexus, Juncus maritimus, Kindbergia praelonga, Odontites verna, Oenanthe crocata, Oenanthe lachenalii, Torilis japonica, Cirsium arvense, Hypochaeris radicata, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Sonchus arvensis, Taraxacum officianalis, Tripleurospermum maritimum, Cerastium fontanum, Stellaria media agg., Atriplex hastata, Equisetum palustre, Lathyrus pratensis, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Triglochin maritimum, Triglochin palustre, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Plantago maritima, Rumex crispus, Glaux maritima, Ranunculus acris, Potentilla anserina, Galium palustre, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia atherica, Elytrigia repens, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phragmites australis, Poa pratensis, Schedonorus arundinaceus, Schedonorus pratensis

MG10 — Coastal floodplain grazing marsh, Hard cliff and cliff slope, Upland rush pasture

Holcus lanatus-Juncus effusus rush-pasture

Matches 2 species from the description above: Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus

Carex hirta, Carex panicea, Juncus articulatus, Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Kindbergia praelonga, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe crocata, Caltha palustris, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium palustre, Pulicaria dysenterica, Senecio aquaticus, Taraxacum officianalis, Myosotis scorpioides, Cardamine pratensis, Cerastium fontanum, Silene flos-cuculi, Stellaria alsine, Equisetum arvense, Equisetum palustre, Lotus pedunculatus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia cracca, Iris pseudacorus, Mentha aquatica, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Polygonum hydropiper, Rumex acetosa, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Primula vulgaris, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus repens, Filipendula ulmaria, Potentilla anserina, Urtica dioica, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus geniculatus, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Festulolium loliaceum, Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Schedonorus pratensis

W20 — Montane scrub

Salix lapponum-Luzula sylvatica scrub

Matches 2 species from the description above: Calluna vulgaris, Festuca rubra

Salix arbuscula, Salix cinerea, Salix lapponum, Salix myrsinites, Salix phylicifolia, Salix reticulata, Empetrum nigrum, Calluna vulgaris, Salix lanata, Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex atrata, Carex bigelowii, Carex binervis, Carex flacca, Luzula multiflora, Luzula sylvatica, Huperzia selago, Selaginella selaginoides, Aulacomnium palustre, Mnium hornum, Philonotis fontana, Plagiomnium undulatum, Rhizomnium punctatum, Dicranum bonjeanii, Dicranum majus, Dicranum scoparium, Fissidens adianthoides, Racomitrium lanuginosum, Calliergonell cuspidatum, Ctenidium molluscum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum callichroum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Palustriella commutatum, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Plagiothecium undulatum, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus, Sanionia uncinata, Scorpidium revolvens, Thuidium tamariscinum, Atrichum undulatum, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Sphagnum capillifolium, Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum girgensohnii, Sphagnum palustre, Sphagnum russowii, Sphagnum squarrosum, Sphagnum subnitens, Sphagnum teres, Barbilophozia barbata, Chiloscyphus polyanthos, Diplophyllum albicans, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiochila porelloides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania undulata, Cladonia squamosa, Peltigera canina, Angelica sylvestris, Caltha palustris, Hieraclium spp., Saussurea alpina, Solidago virgaurea, Campanula rotundifolia, Succisa pratensis, Valeriana officinalis, Rhodiola rosea, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Thymus praecox, Epilobium anagallidifolium, Dactylorhiza viridis, Euphrasia officinalis, Rhinanthus minor, Oxalis acetosella, Oxyria digyna, Polygonum viviparum, Rumex acetosa, Anemone nemorosa, Ranunculus acris, Thalictrum alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, Alchemilla glabra, Filipendula ulmaria, Geum rivale, Galium boreale, Galium saxatile, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga hypnoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Saxifraga stellaris, Viola riviniana, Agrostis canina, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Deschampsia cespitosa, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca ovina, Festuca rubra, Nardus stricta, Dryopteris dilatata, Phegopteris connectilis