Ushat Head

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 58.6159, -3.6642

Also within

Caithness County

Condition (NatureScot)

Favourable (1)
UnitFeatureConditionArea (ha)Assessed
F1 Maritime cliff Favourable 2010-02-05

Climate exposure

This is about exposure to a nationwide pressure this habitat type carries — not a verdict on this site's own management.

Coastal

Coastal habitats are exposed to sea-level rise and storm erosion. Where hard sea defences sit behind them, there's nowhere landward to retreat to — a squeeze that keeps compressing the habitat no matter how well it's managed.

Geology & landscape

Landscape processes: Coastal

Description

Ushat Head Ushat Head Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) is a low exposed headland, approximately 9km northwest of Thurso on the north coast of Caithness. It is of particular botanical importance for its maritime heath, which is a northern, species-rich type of heathland that is found only in Caithness, Sutherland and Orkney. There is a good representation of species-rich maritime heath communities in a mosaic with maritime grassland. Heathers and creeping willow Salix repens are the main dwarf shrubs. The rare Scottish primrose Primula scotica and small-fruited yellow sedge Carex viridula are found at Ushat Head SSSI. roseroot Sedum rosea and kidney vetch Anthyllis vulneraria are abundant, along with the maritime species, spring squill Scilla verna, sea campion Silene uniflora and sea plantain Plantago maritima.

Species mentioned

English name
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Latin name
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IUCN / Red List Type Family
lady's fingers (kidney vetch) Anthyllis vulneraria NT herb fabaceae
sea plantain Plantago maritima LC herb plantaginaceae
Scottish primrose Primula scotica NT herb primulaceae
spring squill Scilla verna LC herb liliaceae
golden root Sedum rosea Not listed in GB list herb crassulaceae
sea campion Silene uniflora LC herb carophyllaceae
green sedge Carex viridula LC sedge cyperaceae
creeping willow Salix repens NT tree shrub salicaceae

Insects to look out for

These moths, butterflies and beetles are known to feed on plants recorded at this site, and carry a notable UK conservation status — but a host-plant being present doesn't mean the insect has actually been recorded here. Treat this as "worth watching for," not a confirmed sighting.

SpeciesStatusVia host-plant
Dark bordered beauty
Epione vespertaria
Endangered Salix repens
The lappet
Gastropacha quercifolia
Endangered Salix spp.
The grey
Hadena caesia
Endangered Silene uniflora
Glanville fritillary
Melitaea cinxia
Endangered Plantago maritima
Scarce vapourer
Orgyia recens
Endangered Salix spp.
The sprawler
Asteroscopus sphinx
Vulnerable Salix spp.
Scarce chocolate-tip
Clostera anachoreta
Vulnerable Salix spp.
Mottled umber
Erannis defoliaria
Vulnerable Salix spp.
Marsh fritillary
Euphydryas aurinia
Vulnerable Plantago spp.
Satyr pug
Eupithecia satyrata
Vulnerable Salix spp.
Garden dart
Euxoa nigricans
Vulnerable Plantago spp.
The lackey
Malacosoma neustria
Vulnerable Salix spp.
Pale eggar
Trichiura crataegi
Vulnerable Salix spp.
Flounced chestnut
Agrochola helvola
Near Threatened Salix spp.
Beaded chestnut
Agrochola lychnidis
Near Threatened Salix spp.
Garden tiger
Arctia caja
Near Threatened Plantago spp.
The sallow
Cirrhia icteritia
Near Threatened Salix spp.
Small blue
Cupido minimus
Near Threatened Anthyllis vulneraria
Dingy mocha
Cyclophora pendularia
Near Threatened Salix repens
Large thorn
Ennomos autumnaria
Near Threatened Salix spp.
Autumnal rustic
Eugnorisma glareosa
Near Threatened Plantago spp., Salix repens
Grey pug
Eupithecia subfuscata
Near Threatened Salix spp.
Double dart
Graphiphora augur
Near Threatened Salix spp.

Host-plant data: Cook et al. (2025), Traits data for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland, 2024, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology / Butterfly Conservation; and Padovani et al. (2020), Database of Insects and their Food Plants (DBIF), UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (both Open Government Licence). Contains data supplied by UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.