Gaer Wood, Llangoven

Site of Special Scientific Interest · 51.7488, -2.7762

Geology & landscape

Geological Feature: Gorge / Ravine · Rock Type: Limestone

Landscape processes: Fluvial

Description

Description The woodlands of the lower Wye Valley form one of the most important areas for woodland nature conservation in Britain, comparable with the Caledonian pinewoods, the oceanic oakwoods of western Britain, the New Forest and the mixed coppices of East Anglia. Unlike most other regions, semi-natural woodland is abundant and virtually continuous along the gorge. The woods are a mixture of many types, some of which are very localised, eg the lime-sessile oak stands on limestone; beech stands on both acid and alkaline soils in which lime, elm, oak and other species share dominance. Most woods are a rich mixture of stand types, which are believed to be similar in composition to the original natural woods of the valley. Many rare and local species are present, including some of the rarest native tree species (e.g. large-leaved lime, whitebeams), and trees close to the edge of their European range, e.g. hornbeam, beech. Furthermore, these woods sit in a matrix of unimproved grassland and other semi-natural habitats which, together with the woods, make the Wye Valley one of the most diverse, rich and attractive areas of southern Britain. Gaer Wood is an area of relict mixed woodland with a number of mainly flushed acid woodland types and transitions, several of which are of limited distribution in the county. The dominant tree species are wych elm Ulmus glabra, field maple Acer campestre and ash Fraxinus excelsior with local areas of beech Fagus sylvatica. Remarks: Within the Wye Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Species mentioned

English name
search for this in other sites
Latin name
search with Google
IUCN / Red List Type Family
field maple Acer campestre LC tree aceraceae
beech Fagus sylvatica LC tree fabiaceae
ash Fraxinus excelsior LC tree oleaceae
wych elm Ulmus glabra LC tree ulmaceae

Insects to look out for

These moths, butterflies and beetles are known to feed on plants recorded at this site, and carry a notable UK conservation status — but a host-plant being present doesn't mean the insect has actually been recorded here. Treat this as "worth watching for," not a confirmed sighting.

SpeciesStatusVia host-plant
Maple pug
Eupithecia inturbata
Endangered Acer campestre
Scarce vapourer
Orgyia recens
Endangered Fagus sylvatica, Ulmus spp.
White-letter hairstreak
Satyrium w-album
Endangered Ulmus glabra, Ulmus spp.
The sprawler
Asteroscopus sphinx
Vulnerable Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Ulmus spp.
Broom moth
Ceramica pisi
Vulnerable Ulmus spp.
Mottled umber
Erannis defoliaria
Vulnerable Acer campestre, Fagus sylvatica, Ulmus spp.
The lackey
Malacosoma neustria
Vulnerable Ulmus spp.
Pale brindled
Phigalia pilosaria
Vulnerable Fraxinus excelsior, Ulmus glabra
Flounced chestnut
Agrochola helvola
Near Threatened Ulmus spp.
Dusky-lemon sallow
Cirrhia gilvago
Near Threatened Ulmus glabra
The sallow
Cirrhia icteritia
Near Threatened Ulmus glabra
Large thorn
Ennomos autumnaria
Near Threatened Ulmus spp.
September thorn
Ennomos erosaria
Near Threatened Fagus sylvatica
Dusky thorn
Ennomos fuscantaria
Near Threatened Fraxinus excelsior
Double dart
Graphiphora augur
Near Threatened Ulmus spp.

Host-plant data: Cook et al. (2025), Traits data for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland, 2024, UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology / Butterfly Conservation; and Padovani et al. (2020), Database of Insects and their Food Plants (DBIF), UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (both Open Government Licence). Contains data supplied by UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.